Dealing with fraud on the internet

Do you use Mastercard 3d secure or Verified by Visa (which require a donor to input a password to use their Visa or Mastercard to make a donation) on your website?

If yes, when did you implement it and have you noticed any negative impact on giving levels?

If you do not use either of these, what action do you take to prevent fraudulent 'testing' of cards on your website?

Any advice that you would be willing to share on this would be hugely appreciated. Please contact Lillian McMahon, Direct Marketing Officer (Digital) by email at lillianm@unicef.org.uk or on 020 7312 7762. Many thanks.